Printmaking
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printmaking
Printmaking techniques are generally divided into the following basic
categories:
Relief, where ink is applied to the original surface
of the matrix. Relief techniques include: woodcut or woodblock as the Asian forms are usually known, wood engraving, linocut and metalcut;
Intaglio, where ink is applied beneath the original
surface of the matrix. Intaglio techniques include: engraving, etching, mezzotint, aquatint
Planographic, where the matrix retains its original
surface, but is specially prepared and/or inked to allow for the transfer of the
image. Planographic techniques include: lithography, monotyping, and digital techniques.
Stencil,
where ink or paint is pressed through a prepared screen, including: screenprinting and pochoir
Other types of printmaking techniques outside these groups include collagraphy,
viscosity printing, and foil imaging. Collagraphy is a printmaking technique
in which textured material is adhered to the printing matrix. This texture is
transferred to the paper during the printing process. Contemporary printmaking may include digital printing, photographic mediums, or a
combination of digital, photographic, and traditional processes.
Many of these techniques can also be combined, especially within the same
family. For example Rembrandt's prints are usually referred to as "etchings" for
convenience, but very often include work in engraving and drypoint as well, and
sometimes have no etching at all.
Printmaking techniques are generally divided into the following basic
categories:
Relief, where ink is applied to the original surface
of the matrix. Relief techniques include: woodcut or woodblock as the Asian forms are usually known, wood engraving, linocut and metalcut;
Intaglio, where ink is applied beneath the original
surface of the matrix. Intaglio techniques include: engraving, etching, mezzotint, aquatint
Planographic, where the matrix retains its original
surface, but is specially prepared and/or inked to allow for the transfer of the
image. Planographic techniques include: lithography, monotyping, and digital techniques.
Stencil,
where ink or paint is pressed through a prepared screen, including: screenprinting and pochoir
Other types of printmaking techniques outside these groups include collagraphy,
viscosity printing, and foil imaging. Collagraphy is a printmaking technique
in which textured material is adhered to the printing matrix. This texture is
transferred to the paper during the printing process. Contemporary printmaking may include digital printing, photographic mediums, or a
combination of digital, photographic, and traditional processes.
Many of these techniques can also be combined, especially within the same
family. For example Rembrandt's prints are usually referred to as "etchings" for
convenience, but very often include work in engraving and drypoint as well, and
sometimes have no etching at all.